Zinc Oxide, Alkyd, Linseed Oil Primer for Use Over Hand Cleaned Steel Type I and Type II

Zinc Oxide, Linseed Oil, Alkyd Primers for Hand Cleaned Steel

PAINT SPECIFICATION NO. 25 – Zinc Oxide, Alkyd, Linseed Oil Primer for Use Over Hand Cleaned Steel Type I and Type II

1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers a slow drying French process zinc oxide, raw linseed oil and alkyd primer suitable for use over hand cleaned steel.

1.2 This primer is suitable for exposures in Environmental Zones 1A (interior, normally dry) and 1B (exterior, normally dry), and is intended for brush, roller or spray application over steel surfaces prepared in accordance with SSPC-SP 2, “Hand Tool Cleaning,” or better. (See Note 9.6.)  Within the limitation stated in 2.1 it is suitable as a shop primer, field primer, maintenance primer, or intermediate coat and is to be applied in accordance with SSPC-PA 1, “Shop, Field, and Maintenance Painting of Steel.” If the primed part of the structure is to be exposed to the weather, it should be topcoated as soon as practical.

2. Description
2.1 This specification contains requirements to ensure barrier inhibition composition. Consequently, performance is comparable to that customarily expected from paints containing lead and chromate pigments.

It has good wetting ability, even for non-blast cleaned steel, about 36 hours drying time (generally it can be recoated after 24 hours, although the coating will not have achieved a through dry) and good resistance to weathering before field coating. The good wetting ability of this primer is the result of its high proportion of raw linseed oil. Type II has a lower percentage of volatile organic compounds (VOC) than Type I. The reduced VOC content of Type II was achieved by replacing some of the mineral spirits with high flash naphtha and by making other minor composition changes. Details of the compositions are given in Table 1 for Type I and in Table 2 for Type II.

2.2 The Type I primer contains approximately 65% by volume of nonvolatile film forming solids (pigment and binder). The theoretical spreading rate for a 50 micrometer (2.0 mil) dry film thickness is 12.8 m2/L (520 ft2/U.S. gallon). Actual spreading rates can be significantly lower. On a calculated basis, the VOC is 270 g/L(2.3 lb/gal).

2.3 The Type II primer contains approximately 70% by volume of nonvolatile film forming solids (pigment and binder). The theoretical spreading rate for a 50 micrometer (2.0 mil) dry film thickness is 13.8 m2/L (560 ft2/U.S. gallon). Actual spreading rates can be significantly lower. On a calculated basis, the VOC content is 240 g/L (2.0 lbs/gal).

3. Referenced Standards
3.1 The latest issue, revision, or amendment of the refer­enced standards in effect on the date of invitation to bid shall govern, unless otherwise specified. Standards marked with an asterisk (*) are referenced only in the Notes, which are not requirements of this specification.

3.2 If there is a conflict between the requirements of any of the cited referenced standards and this specification, the requirements of this specification shall prevail.

3.3 SSPC STANDARDS AND JOINT STANDARDS:
Guide 13 Guide for the Identification and Use of Industrial Coating Material in Computerized Product Data­bases
* Guide 7 Guide for the Disposal of Lead-Contaminated Surface Preparation Debris
PA 1 Shop, Field, and Maintenance Painting of Steel
SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning
*SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning
*SP 5/NACE No. 1 White Metal Blast Cleaning
SP 6/NACE No. 3 Commercial Blast Cleaning
SSPC-SP 7/NACE No. 4 Brush-Off Blast Cleaning
SP 8 Pickling
SP 10/NACE No. 2 Near-White Metal Blast Cleaning
SP 11 Power Tool Cleaning to Bare
SP 12/NACE No. 5 Metal Surface Preparation and Cleaning of Metals by Watejetting Prior to Re-coating
* SP 15 Commercial Grade Power Tool Cleaning

3.6 ASTM INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS:
D 79 Specification for Zinc Oxide
D 185 Test Method for Coarse Particles in Pigments, Pastes and Paints
D 234 Specifiation for Raw Linseed Oil
D 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
D 522 Standard Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached Organic Coatings
D 562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-type Viscometer
D 600 Specification for Liquid Paint Driers
D 3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by  Small-Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus
D 605 Specification for Magnesium Silicate Pigment (Talc)
D 3722 Specification for Natural Red and Brown Pigments
D 607 Specification for Wet Ground Mica-Iron Oxide Pigments
D 3724 Specification for Synthetic Brown Iron Oxide
D 1208 Test Methods for Common Properties of  Pigment Certain Pigments
D 3734 Specification for High-Flash Aromatic
D 1210 Test Methods for Fineness of Dispersion  Naphthas of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman- type Gage
D 3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigmented Coatings
D 1296 Test Method for Odors of Volatile Solvents
D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging and Diluents
D 4400 Test Method for Sag Resistance of Paints
D 1475 Test Method for Density of Liquid Coatings, Using a Multinotch Applicator Inks, and Related Products
D 1542 (Withdrawn) Test Method for Quantitative

3.7 FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS:
D 1542 Qualitative Tests for Rosin in Varnishes
D 1640 Standard Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of Organic Coatings at Room Temperature
TT-R-266 Resin, Alkyd: Solutions
FED-STD-141 Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related Materials: Methods of Inspection, Sampling and Testing
D 2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
D 2371 Test Method for Pigment Content of Solvent-Reducible Paints
* D 2448 Test Method for Water-Soluble Salts in Pigments by Measuring the Specific Resistance
Method 3011 Condition in Container (Partially Filled of the Leachate of the Pigment Container)
Method 3021.1 (Canceled) Skinning
D 2832 Standard Guide for Determining Volatile  and Nonvolatile Content of Paint and Related Coatings
Method 4203 Reducibility and Dilution Stability
Method 4321 Brushing Properties
Method 4331 Spraying Properties
Method 4541 (Canceled) Working Properties and Appearance of Dried Film

3.8 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI) STANDARD:
ANSI Z129.1 Hazardous Industrial Chemicals — Precautionary Labeling

4. Composition
4.1 Ingredients and proportions shall be as specified in Table 1 for Type I and in Table 2 for Type II.
4.2 The primers based on the specified ingredients shall be uniform, stable in storage, and free from grit and coarse particles. No rosin or rosin derivatives may be used. Beneficial additives such as anti-skinning agents, suspending agents, or wetting aids may be added.
4.3 The paint shall conform to the composition (analysis) requirements of Table 3.

5. Properties
5.1 The primers for Type I and Type II shall meet the require­ments of Tables 3 and 4 and of Sections 5.2 through 5.8.
5.2 ODOR: Shall be normal for the materials permitted (ASTM D 1296).
5.3 COLOR: The color shall be typical of the specified mixture of zinc oxide and red or brown iron oxide.
5.4 COMPATIBILITY: There shall be no evidence of incompatibility of any of the ingredients of the paint when two volumes of the paint are slowly mixed with one volume of mineral spirits (FED-STD-141, Method 4203).
5.5 WORKING PROPERTIES: The paint shall be easily applied by brush, roller, or spray when tested in accordance with FED-STD-141, Methods 4321, 4331, and 4541. The paint shall show no streaking, running, or sagging during application or while drying.
5.6 CONDITION IN CONTAINER: The paint shall show no thickening, curdling, gelling, or hard caking when tested as specified in FED-STD-141, Method 3011, after storage for six months from the date of delivery, in a full, tightly covered container, at a temperature of 10-43°C (50-110°F).
5.7 SKINNING: There shall be no skinning in a three-quarters filled closed container after 48 hours when tested in the standard manner specified in FED-STD-141, Method 3021.
5.8 SALT CONTAMINATION: Content of salt contami­nation shall have been minimized by the incorporation of only high purity materials. The specific resistance of the aqueous leachate of the composite of the pigments in required propor­tions shall be a minimum of 5,000 ohm-cm when tested in accordance with ASTM D 2448.

6. Labeling
6.1 Labeling shall conform to ANSI Z129.1.
6.2 Technical data shall be provided for at least all data elements categorized as “essential” in SSPC-Guide 13.
6.3 MARKING OF CONTAINERS: Each container shall be legibly marked with the following information:
Name: Zinc Oxide, Alkyd, Linseed Oil Primer for Use Over Hand Cleaned Steel, Type I (or Type II)
Specification: SSPC-Paint 25
Color: Red or Brown Iron Oxide
Lot Number:
Batch Number:
Stock Number:
Date of Manufacture:
Quantity of Paint in Container:
Information and Warnings as may be required by
Federal and State Laws:
VOC Content:
Manufacturer’s Name and Address:

6.4 PACKAGING: Material shall be packaged and labeled in accordance with the requirements of ASTM D 3951 unless otherwise specified.
6.5 DIRECTIONS FOR USE: The following directions for use shall be supplied with each container of paint:

Directions for Use of Zinc Oxide, Alkyd, Linseed Oil Primer for Use Over Hand Cleaned Steel

This paint is intended for use as a primer over hand cleaned steel in atmospheric exposure; it will perform better if the steel is power tool cleaned, blast cleaned, or pickled. All rust scale, loose rust, loose mill scale, and loose or non-adherent paint shall be removed; oil and grease shall be removed to the full­est extent practical, as residues of oil and grease remaining on the surface will result in decreased paint performance.

Mix paint thoroughly before use. If the pigment has set­tled, pour off most of the liquid.  Thoroughly mix the pigment with the remaining liquid, taking care to scrape all the pigment off the bottom of the can. Gradually add the poured-off liquid and mix thoroughly. Mixing may be made easier by transfer­ring the contents to a larger container or by pouring the paint to and from another container. Examine bottom of container for unmixed pigment. Screen paint before applying.

The thinning of paint will change the VOC level. For roller, brush, or airless spray application, no thinning should be nec­essary. A minimum amount of thinning may be necessary for conventional air spray.

Apply by brush or spray to the specified film thickness or, if none is specified, to at least 50 micrometers (2 mils) dry or approximately 75 micrometers (3 mils) wet. The surface to be painted shall be dry, the surface temperature shall be at least 3 C° (5 F°) above the dew point and the temperature of the air shall be over 4°C (40°F). Do not paint outdoors in rainy weather or if freezing temperatures are expected before the paint dries.

Allow paint at least 24 hours drying time before re-coating.

7. Inspection
7.1 All materials (coatings) supplied under this specifica­tion are subject to timely inspection by the purchaser or his authorized representative. The purchaser shall have the right to reject any materials supplied which are found to be defective under this specification. (see Note 9.1). In case of dispute, un­less otherwise specified, the arbitration or settlement procedure established in the procurement documents shall be followed. If no arbitration procedure is established, then a procedure mutually agreeable to the purchaser and material supplier shall be used.
7.2 Samples of paints may be requested by the purchaser and shall be supplied upon request along with the manufac­turer’s name and identification for the materials. Samples may be requested at the time the purchase order is placed or may be taken from unopened containers at the job site.
7.3 Unless otherwise specified, the sampling shall be in accordance with ASTM D 3925.

8. Disclaimer
8.1 While every precaution is taken to ensure that all information furnished in SSPC standards and specifications is as accurate, complete, and useful as possible, SSPC cannot assume responsibility nor incur any obligation resulting from the use of any materials, coatings, or methods specified herein, or of the specification or standard itself.
8.2 This specification does not attempt to address problems concerning safety associated with its use. The user of this specification, as well as the user of all products or practices described herein, is responsible for instituting appropriate health and safety practices and for ensuring compliance with all governmental regulations.

9. Notes
Notes are not a requirement of this specification.
9.1 The procurement documents should establish the responsibility for samples, testing, and any required affidavit certifying full compliance with the specification.
9.2 The extraction of chlorides and other anions from corrosion pits in severe corrosivity areas of the structure is recommended.
9.3 The pre-blended composite pigment can be obtained from Hoover Color Corporation, P. O. Box 218, Hiwasse, VA 24347; Phone (703) 980-7233.
9.4 During the development of SSPC-Paint 25, the purity of each pigment was measured in accordance with ASTM D 2448. The specific resistances of the leachate for the individual pigments were as follows:
French process zinc oxide ……. 20,000 ohm-cm Iron oxide …………………………… 5,000 ohm-cm
Magnesium silicate ………………. 2,800 ohm-cm Mica …………………………………… 17,000 ohm-cm

The calculated resistance for the formula blend using these purities for the individual paints is 5000 ohm-cm.

9.5 Handle wastes in accordance with federal, state and local government regulations. See SSPC-Guide 7, “Guide for the Disposal of Lead-Contaminated Surface Preparation Debris.”
9.6 The following degrees of surface preparation are better than SSPC-SP 2, “Hand Tool Cleaning”: SSPC-SP 3,  SSPC-SP 5/NACE No. 1, SSPC-SP 6/NACE No. 3, SSPC-SP 7/NACE No. 4, SSPC-SP 8, SSPC-SP 10/NACE No. 2, SSPC-SP 11, SSPC-SP 12 /NACE No. 5, SSPC-SP 15.
9.7 Type I of this specification very closely matches the previous version of SSPC-Paint 25.

PAINT SPECIFICATION NO. 25 – Zinc Oxide, Alkyd, Linseed Oil Primer for Use Over Hand Cleaned Steel Type I and Type II