Medium Oil Alkyd Primer (Air Dry/Low Bake) Type I and Type II

Applying Medium Oil Alkyd Primer

PAINT SPECIFICATION NO. 35 – Medium Oil Alkyd Primer (Air Dry/Low Bake) Type I and Type II

1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers a French process zinc oxide, and medium oil alkyd primer designed for cold rolled sheet or unrusted hot rolled, blast cleaned structural steel. Recoat or dry-through time is 18 hours. It has good resistance to weath­ering and rust.

1.2 This paint is suitable for exposures in Environmental Zones 1A (interior, normally dry) and 1B (exterior, normally dry). It is intended for brush, roller, or spray application over new or unrusted steel surfaces prepared in accordance with SSPC-SP 6, “Commercial Blast Cleaning,” or SSPC-SP 11, “Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal,” or better (See Note 9.1). This primer is to be applied in accordance with SSPC-PA 1, “Shop, Field, and Maintenance Painting of Steel.” If the primed steel is to be exposed to the weather, it should be topcoated as soon as practical.

2. Description
2.1 This alkyd primer specification contains provisions to assure perfor­mance which is comparable to that customarily expected from paints containing lead and chromates. Type II has a lower percentage of volatile organic compounds (VOC) than Type I. (Details of the composition are given in Table 1 for Type I and in Table 2 for Type II.)
2.2 Type I primer contains approximately 37% by volume of nonvolatile film-forming solids (pigment and binder).  The theoretical spreading rate for a 25 micrometer (1 mil) dry film thickness is 15 square meters/liter (590 square feet/U.S. gallon). Actual spreading rates can be significantly lower. On a calculated basis, the VOC is 492 grams per liter (4.1 pounds per gallon).
2.3 Type II primer contains approximately 66% by volume of nonvolatile film-forming solids (pigment and binder). The theoretical spreading rate for a 25 micrometer (1 mil) dry film thickness is 26 square meters/liter (1058 square feet/U.S. gallon). Actual spreading rates can be significantly lower. On a calculated basis, the VOC is 312 grams per liter (2.6 pounds per gallon).

3. Referenced Standards
3.1 The latest issue, revision, or amendment of the refer­enced standards in effect on the date of invitation to bid shall govern, unless otherwise specified. Standards marked with an asterisk (*) are referenced only in the Notes, which are not requirements of this specification.
3.2 If there is a conflict between the requirements of any of the cited referenced standards and this specification, the requirements of this specification shall prevail.
3.3 SSPC AND JOINT STANDARDS:

3.4 ASTM INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS:
D 79 Specification for Zinc Oxide Pigments
D 185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pig­ments, Pastes, and Paints
D 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Sol­vent)
D 522 Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of At­tached Organic Coatings
D 562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-type Viscometer
D 600 Specification for Liquid Paint Driers
D 605 Specification for Magnesium Silicate Pigment (Talc)
D 607 Specification for Wet Ground Mica Pig­ments
D 1208 Test Methods for Common Properties of-Certain Pigments
D 1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems
D 1296 Test Method for Odor of Volatile Solvents and Diluents
D 1475 Test Method for Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products
D 1542 (Withdrawn)Test Method for Qualitative Detection of Rosin in Varnishes
D 1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of Organic Coatings at Room Temperature
D 2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coat­ings
D 2371 Test Method for Pigment Content of Solvent-Reducible Paints
D 2448 Test Method for Water-Soluble Salts in Pig­ments by Measuring the Specific Resistance of the Leachate of the Pigment
D 2832 Guide for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Paint and Related Coatings
D 3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small-Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus
D 3722 Specification for Natural Red and Brown Iron Oxide Pigments
D 3724 Specification for Synthetic Brown Iron Oxide Pigment
D 3734 Specification for High-Flash Aromatic Naphthas
D 3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigmented Coatings
D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
D 4400 Test Methods for Sag Resistance of Paints Using a Multinotch Applicator

3.5 FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS:
3.5.1 Standard Specifications for Ingredients
TT-R-266 Resin, Alkyd:  Solutions

3.5.2 Federal Specification and Test Method Standard No. 141
Method 3011 Condition in Container
Method 3021.1 (Canceled) Skinning (Partially Fille Container)
Method 4321 Brushing Properties
Method 4331 Spraying Properties
Method 4541 (Canceled) Working Properties and Appearance of Dried Film

3.6 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI) STANDARD:
ANSI Z129.1 Hazardous Industrial Chemicals —Precautionary Labeling

4. Composition
4.1 Ingredients and proportions shall be as specified in Table 1 for Type I and in Table 2 for Type  II.
4.2 The primers based on the specified ingredients shall be uniform, stable in storage, and free from grit and coarse particles. No rosin or rosin derivatives may be used. Beneficial additives such as anti-skinning agents, suspending agents, or wetting aids may be added.
4.3 The primers shall conform to the composition (analysis) requirements of Table 3.
4.4 The resin for Type 2 shall be a medium length oil alkyd designed for low-VOC use. The physical characteristics of the resin shall be as follows:
Type: Pure Drying Alkyd Resin
Volatiles: Manufacturer may select a solvent system
appropriate to meet VOC requirements of the paint.
Viscosity, Gardner/Holdt: U-Z
Color Gardner-Delta, max.: 10
Acid number, solids, max.: 12
Density of solution, avg.: 1020 g/l (8.5 lb/gal)
Flash point, (SFCC), typical, min.: 38°C (100°F)

5. Properties
5.1 The primers for Type I and Type II shall meet the requirements of Tables 3 and 4 and of Sections 5.2 through 5.11.
5.2 ODOR: Shall be normal for the materials permitted (ASTM D 1296).
5.3 COLOR: The color shall be typical of the specified mixture of zinc oxide and red or brown iron oxide.
5.4 COMPATIBILITY: There shall be no evidence of incompatibility of any of the ingredients of the paint when two volumes of the paint are slowly mixed with one volume of solvent that was used by the manufacturer in production of the alkyd resin.
5.5 WORKING PROPERTIES: The paint shall be easily applied by brush, roller, or spray  when tested in accordance with FED-STD-141, Methods 4321, 4331, and 4541. The paint shall show no streaking, running or sagging during application or while drying.
5.6 CONDITION IN CONTAINER: The paint shall show no thickening, curdling, gelling, or hard caking when tested as specified in FED-STD-141, Method 3011, after storage for six months from the date of delivery, in a full, tightly covered container, at a temperature of 10-43°C (50-110°F).
5.7 SKINNING: There shall be no skinning in a three-quarters filled closed container after 48 hours when tested in the standard manner specified in FED-STD-141, Method 3021.
5.8 SALT CONTAMINATION: Content of salt contami­nation shall have been minimized by the incorporation of only high purity materials. The specific resistance of the aqueous leachate of the composite of the pigments in required propor­tions shall be a minimum of 5000 ohm-cm when tested in accordance with ASTM D 2448.
5.9 FLEXIBILITY: After baking 24 hours at 93°C (200°F) the film shall show no cracking when suddenly chilled to 0°C (32°F) and bent sharply on itself through 180 degrees over a 6 mm (1/4 inch) mandrel in the time of 1 to 2 seconds as described in ASTM D 522, Method A.  The film on the bent part of the panel shall show no visible cracking or disbonding.
5.10 CURING: The primers shall dry to handle within 3/4 hour when baked at 121°C (250°F). Upon recoating after curing, no blistering, wrinkling, or other evidence of lifting shall occur.
5.11 WATER RESISTANCE: A 51 µm (2 mil) dry film, air dried 96 hours, immersed in deionized water 18 hours at 30°C (86°F) shall show no wrinkling or blistering immediately after removal from water.  After a two hour recovery, the film shall show only very slight whitening and dulling.

6. Labeling
6.1 Labeling shall conform to ANSI Z129.1.
6.2 Technical data shall be provided for at least all data elements categorized as “essential” in SSPC-Guide 13.
6.3 MARKING OF CONTAINERS: Each container shall be legibly marked with the following information:
Name: Medium Oil Alkyd Primer, Air Dry/Low Bake,
Type I (or Type II)
Specification: SSPC-Paint 35
Color: Red or Brown Iron Oxide
Lot number:
Batch number:
Stock Number:
Date of Manufacturer:
Quantity of Paint in Container:
Information and Warnings as may be required by
Federal and State Laws:
VOC Content:
Manufacturer’s Name and Address:

6.4 PACKAGING: Material shall be packaged and labeled in accordance the requirements of ASTM D 3951 unless other­wise specified.
6.4 DIRECTIONS FOR USE: The following directions for use shall be supplied with each container of paint:

Directions for Use of Medium Oil Alkyd Primer, Air Dry/Low Bake

This paint is intended for use as a primer over blast cleaned steel in atmospheric exposure; on previously corroded steel it will perform better if the steel is blast cleaned and then salts are extracted from corrosion pits on the surface. The steel surfaces shall be prepared in accordance with SSPC-SP 6 or SSPC-SP 11 or better. Salt contamination, oil, and grease shall be removed to the fullest extent practical, as residues of salt contamination, oil, and grease remaining on the surface will result in decreased paint performance.

Mix paint thoroughly before use. If the pigment has settled, pour off most of the liquid. Thoroughly mix the pigment with the remaining liquid, taking care to scrape all the pigment off the bottom of the can. Gradually add the poured-off liquid and mix thoroughly. Mixing may be made easier by transfer­ring contents to a larger container or by pouring the paint to and from another container. Examine bottom of container for unmixed pigment. Screen paint before applying.

The thinning of paint will change the VOC level. For roller, brush, or airless spray application, no thinning should be necessary. A minimum amount of thinning may be necessary for conventional air spray.
Apply by brush or spray to the specified film thickness or, if none is specified, to at least 50 micrometers (2 mils) dry. The surface to be painted shall be dry; the surface temperature shall be at least 3°C (5°F) above the dew point; and the temperature of the air shall be over 4°C (40°F). Do not paint outdoors in rainy weather or if freezing temperatures are expected before the paint dries.

Allow paint at least 18 hours drying time before recoating. Alternatively, bake at 121°C (250°F) for 45 minutes before handling.

7. Inspection
7.1 All materials (coatings) supplied under this specifica­tion are subject to timely inspection by the purchaser or his authorized representative. The purchaser shall have the right to reject any materials supplied which are found to be defective under this specification (see Note 9.2). In case of dispute, unless otherwise specified, the arbitration or settlement procedure established in the procurement documents shall be followed. If no arbitration or settlement procedure is established, then a procedure mutually agreeable to the purchaser and material supplier shall be used.
7.2 Samples of paints may be requested by the purchaser and shall be supplied upon request along with the manufac­turer’s name and identification for the materials. Samples may be requested at the time the purchase order is placed or may be taken from unopened containers at the job site.
7.3 Unless otherwise specified, the sampling shall be in accordance with ASTM D 3925.

8. Disclaimer
8.1 While every precaution is taken to ensure that all information furnished in SSPC standards and specifications is as accurate, complete, and useful as possible, SSPC cannot assume responsibility nor incur any obligation resulting from the use of any materials, coatings, or methods specifi ed herein, or of the specification or standard itself.
8.2 This specification does not attempt to address problems concerning safety associated with its use. The user of this specification, as well as the user of all products or practices described herein, is responsible for instituting appropriate health and safety practices and for ensuring compliance with all governmental regulations.

9. Notes
Notes are not requirements of this specification.
9.1 The degrees of surface preparation SSPC-SP 5 and SSPC-SP 10 are better than SSPC-SP 6 and SSPC-SP 11.
9.2 The procurement documents should establish the responsibility for samples, testing, and any required affi davit certifying full compliance with the specification.
9.3 The extraction of chlorides and other anions from corrosion pits in severe corrosivity areas of the structure is recommended.
9.4 Handle wastes in accordance with federal, state and local government regulations. See SSPC Guide 7, “Guide for the Disposal of Lead-Contaminated Surface Preparation Debris.”

PAINT SPECIFICATION NO. 35 – Medium Oil Alkyd Primer (Air Dry/Low Bake) Type I and Type II